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BREAKING OF BREAD Study No.5.
In the course of supper together, the day before His crucifixion,
Jesus gave His disciples a simple ceremony by which to remember Him.
Each week as the Church gathered, together they broke bread and
shared it, and drank from a communal cup of wine. This act of
'communion" with one another and with the Lord quickly became
central to their worship, focusing them on the foundation of their
faith, the death and resurrection of Christ, and all that He
accomplished. Read Luke 22:1-20; 1 Corinthians 11:23-33; Acts
2:42,46; 20:7.
IT'S SIGNIFICANCE.
1. Passover.
God's timing of Christ's crucifixion during the week of the Jewish
Passover feast was no accident. Each year at this time an
unblemished lamb was killed as a sacrifice and each family ate a
meal together remembering Israel's deliverance from slavery in Egypt
and their setting apart by God as His chosen people. Read Exodus
6:6,7a; 12:1-27; 19:3-6; 24:3-8.
But it was never God's intention for Israel alone to know Him as
their God - His longing was for the redemption (or "buying back"
into relationship with Him) of ALL men. In Christ this was
accomplished. Our relationship with God is no longer based on the
sacrifice of animals for the forgiveness of sin, but on the final
once-for-all sacrifice of "the Lamb of God". Read John 1:29; 3:16;
1 Corinthians 5:7b; Hebrews 9:11-15, 24-26.
2. Remembrance of our redemption.
"Whenever you eat this bread or drink of this cup, you are
Proclaiming that the Lord has died for you." 1 Corinthians
11:26. (J.B. Philips version).
Christianity is based on an objective, historical act of God for the
redemption of mankind. Communion focuses us on this central fact of
our faith - our deliverance from the slavery of sin and Satan and
our freedom from the threat of judgment and hell, through the death
and resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ. We have full confidence
of our standing with God - not based on what we have done (good or
bad) or on what we feel, but on what He has done. Read Romans
3:21-26; Colossians 2:13-15.
3. The feast of the new covenant.
"This cup is the new covenant in my blood." 1 Corinthians 11:25
(RSV).
Through Moses God made a covenant with His people Israel: a two way
relationship, annually celebrated at the feast of Passover, which
bound God and His people together in a total unbreakable commitment.
They belonged to Him and were bound to obey Him. But He also
belonged to them, and they had His definite promise of blessing,
protection and care.
Under the new covenant introduced by Jesus this relationship passed
to the Church, the "Israel of God". Like the passover feast,
communion is a reminder of all this relationship means: on our part,
trust and obedience, and on God's part His sure promise of blessing.
Read 1 Peter 2:9; 1 Corinthians 6:19,20; Romans 8:14-17.
The covenant promises are summed up in Jeremiah 31:31-34.
a. forgiveness. Matthew 26:27, 28; Ephesians 1:7; Micah
7:18,19.
b. righteousness. 2 Corinthians 5:21; 1 Corinthians 1:30;
Ezekiel 36:27; Romans 8:2-4.
c. relationship with God - our Father. Romans 8:16,17;
Hebrews 10:19-22.
d. knowledge of God. John 17:3; 1 Samuel 3:21.
e. the blessing of God. Jeremiah 32:38-41; Exodus 15:26;
Luke 12:22-31; Ephesians 1:3.
NOT JUST A CEREMONY.
The New Testament word translated "communion" in English also means
"participation, "sharing", "fellowship", "communication". All these
words indicate something far different from a mere memorial
ceremony. The communion is a time when we can focus our faith to
actually partake of all Christ's death means for us, for it is a
"participation" in:
1. The life of Christ. "I am the bread of life; he who comes to
me shall not hunger, and he who believes in me shall never
thirst . . . Unless you eat the flesh of the son of Man, and
drink His blood, you have no life in you; he who eats my flesh
and drinks my blood has eternal life." John 6:35,53,54. (RSV)
Read verses 25-69.
When we as Christians break bread together we are declaring the
living relationship and fellowship we enjoy with Jesus Christ. He
is the source of "eternal" life - the "abundant life" of the Spirit
within that gives us the divine health, strength, godliness and
blessing that is our inheritance. The outward ceremony itself does
not give this life, but if a person sharing in the breaking of bread
has an attitude of faith, believing that the covenant promises of
communion apply to him personally, then the bread and wine will not
only represent God's covenant but will contain a personal
impartation of His life.
During the first celebration of the communion after Jesus'
resurrection, when Jesus had supper with two of His disciples, they
only recognized who He actually was as He broke the bread with them.
Such was their revelation of Christ that these two "rose that same
hour and returned to Jerusalem . . . then they told what had
happened on the road, and how He was known to them in the breaking
of bread." Luke 24:33,35 (RSV). As we understand the sacrifice that
Jesus made for us, symbolized in the communion, our eyes can be
opened to know Him for who He really is. Read Luke 24:13-35.
2. In the Body of Christ. "Because there is one bread, we who are
many are one Body, for we all partake of the one bread." 1
Corinthians 10:17 (RSV).
Through the shed blood of Christ the walls of selfishness,
suspicion, envy and hate were broken down between us - making
fellowship and love possible among Christians. The body of Jesus
Christ was broken on the cross to make peace among us, so that
together we would become the "Body of Christ", the Church.
For this reason God places a very high standard on our attitudes to
one another as we take communion. In the early Church, the
communion was part of the "love-feast". It is an expression of our
oneness and love and our belonging to each other in the Body. Each
one of us is a vital part - part of our "'discerning the body" (1
Corinthians 11:29) is the recognition of our interdependence - our
need for one another. As that one cup is divided among us, and the
one loaf broken and shared, we proclaim our oneness and love to the
whole world. Read Ephesians 2:14-22; 1 Corinthians 12:12-27; Psalm
133; Acts 2:41-47.
PREPARING FOR COMMUNION.
Scripture warns us very strongly not to partake of communion
lightly:
1. the unworthy partaker. 1 Corinthians 11:27.
None of us ever feels "worthy" - this scripture does not demand
perfection, but refers to those who partake of communion in an
irreverent or defiant spirit, caring nothing for its meaning - such
partaking results in judgment. 1 Corinthians 11: 29,30.
2. the worthy.
To the believer the communion Is a time of tremendous joy - the
knowledge of the liberty we have in Christ and anticipation of His
return. That joy only has full expression at the time of communion
If we are free from guilt and living "worthily" as Christ would have
us live. We are to examine ourselves before God:
a. Am I keeping my part of the covenant: is every area of my
life under God's rule time, abilities, ambitions,
friendships, possessions?
b. Is there known sin In my life which I have refused to
surrender and allow God to cleanse? Read Galatians
5:19-21; 1 John 1:9.
c. Is there any barrier between me and any other person: and
unhealed quarrel, resentment, unforgiveness, hatred? Read
Matthew 5:21-24; 6:14,15.
d. Do I have an attitude of love, appreciation and acceptance
of my brothers In Christ, throughout the whole Church?
Read 1 Corinthians 1:10-12;3:1-4; Ephesians 4:1-6.
The communion is the sign and reminder to us of God's tremendous
love and grace. He freely and willingly forgives our sin, and
accepts us as His children. We partake of communion In faith,
knowing we are in Christ and free to stand before a holy God without
guilt or fear, experiencing day by day His power within transforming
us Into the Image of the worthy One the Lord Jesus Christ.
THE END